General Science

Hodgkin lymphoma: A review and update on recent progress

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

The study looked at different ways to treat Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and found that some treatments work better than others. The study also looked at how different treatments affect the cure rate and long-term side effects. The study suggests that allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a good option for some patients and that alternate donor sources and reduced-intensity conditioning have made it possible.

Lysine catabolism reprograms tumour immunity through histone crotonylation

Nature

The study found that cancer cells called glioblastoma stem cells change the way they use a molecule called lysine to help them grow and survive. The study also found that reducing the amount of lysine in the diet or using drugs to block the way GSCs use lysine can slow down their growth and make them more vulnerable to the immune system.

Integrative multi-omics characterization reveals sex differences in glioblastoma

Biology of Sex Differences

The study looked at the differences between male and female GBM patients using big data from different sources. They found that female GBM patients had more MGMT promoter methylation, which is good for their overall and post-recurrence survival and response to chemotherapy. They also found that female GBMs had more genomic instability, which means they had more changes in their DNA. These differences can help doctors develop personalized treatment plans for male and female GBM patients.

Prognosis of glioblastoma patients improves significantly over time interrogating historical controls

European Journal of Cancer

The study retrospectively analyzed the prognosis of 722 newly diagnosed GBM patients, aged below 70, in good clinical conditions (KPS above 70%) between 2005 and 2018. The study found that people who were diagnosed more recently had a longer survival rate. The study suggests that the increase in Median Overall Survival over time in newly diagnosed GBM patients could be explained by better management of potentially associated non-neurological diseases, optimization of validated SOC, better management of treatments side effects, supportive care and participation in clinical trials.

Clinical

Fine tuning of CpG spatial distribution with DNA origami for improved cancer vaccination

Nature Nanotechnology

The study found that spacing CpG oligonucleotides at a certain distance can help activate dendritic cells, which are important for the immune system. The study used a square-block DNA origami platform to test this idea. The study also found that the vaccine effectively synergized with anti-PD-L1 for improved cancer immunotherapy in melanoma and lymphoma models and induced long-term T-cell memory. This means that DNA origami may be a useful tool for creating vaccines that work better and last longer.

Sunitinib for metastatic progressive phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas: results from FIRSTMAPPP, an academic, multicentre, international, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 trial

Lancet

The study looked at whether sunitinib, a medicine used to treat certain types of tumors, was safe and effective for people with metastatic phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas. The study supports the use of sunitinib as the medical option with the highest level of evidence for anti-tumour efficacy in progressive metastatic phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas.

Technology

PANCDR: precise medicine prediction using an adversarial network for cancer drug response

Briefings in Bioinformatics

The study compared the outcomes observed under different experimental conditions or interventions, specifically the performance of the PANCDR model in predicting CDR in external clinical data. The results showed that PANCDR outperformed other machine learning models in predicting external test data. The key findings of the study demonstrate the robustness of PANCDR and its potential in precision medicine by recommending patient-specific drug candidates.

Artificial intelligence-based MRI radiomics and radiogenomics in glioma

Cancer Imaging

The study compares the outcomes observed under different experimental conditions, specifically the use of radiomics and radiogenomics versus traditional methods for diagnosing and predicting outcomes in gliomas. The results show that radiomics and radiogenomics provide more accurate and precise information than traditional methods, including the ability to predict histological features, grade, and overall survival in gliomas. The key findings of the study support the hypothesis that radiomics and radiogenomics have the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.

An accessible deep learning tool for voxel-wise classification of brain malignancies from perfusion MRI

Cell Reports Medicine

The study compares the accuracy of the deep learning model with conventional MRI metrics, cerebral blood volume (0.55) and percentage of signal recovery (0.59). The model achieves a three-way accuracy of 0.78, which is superior to the conventional MRI metrics. The study also demonstrates the potential of the model as a support diagnostic tool for brain tumor diagnosis using standard-of-care MRI.

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